RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Primary aortoenteric fistulas (PAEFs) are a rare entity with high morbidity, and their relationship with Bacillus Instillation of Calmette-Guérin is anecdotal. METHODS/RESULTS: We present a 68-year-old male with a primary aortoenteric fistula after instillation of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) for a non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Diagnosis was made by CT angiography, subsequently confirmed by intraoperative findings and results of anatomopathological studies of aortic wall samples. We performed an in-situ reconstruction with a silver prosthesis impregnated in rifampicin with satisfactory evolution at one year. CONCLUSIONS: Primary aortoenteric fistula is an extremely rare complication, and although its relationship with intravesical BCG therapy is anecdotal, it should be considered in patients with gastrointestinal bleeding who have previously undergone this treatment. Its diagnosis requires clinical suspicion, and its treatment should be carried out without delay. Long-term targeted anti-biotherapeutic treatment is a fundamental pillar for its management. Reconstruction with an antibiotic-impregnated silver prosthesis is a valid option in cases of controlled infection.
RESUMO
Introducción:la fístula tráqueo-innominada (TIF) es una complicación poco frecuente (0,1-1 %) de las traqueotomías e intubaciones endotraqueales. Tiene una alta morbilidad y mortalidad asociadas (90 %), por lo que es de vital importancia un diagnóstico y tratamiento precoz.Caso clínico:presentamos el caso de un varón de 53 años intervenido mediante laringectomía total con linfadenectomía cervical bilateral que en el segundo día posoperatorio debuta con sangrado activo por cánula de traqueostomía. El paciente fue sometido a un angio-TAC urgente que reveló una fístula entre el tronco braquiocefálico (BCT) y tráquea en aparente relación con decúbito de cánula de traqueostomía. Se implanta stent recubierto balón explandible (BeGraft®, Bentley InnoMed, Hechingen, Alemania) desde el origen del BCT hasta su bifurcación mediante acceso humeral derecho. El paciente es dado de alta un mes después de haberse realizado la cirugía endovascular presentando un postoperatorio satisfactorio con ausencia de complicaciones.Discusión:la TIF es una complicación poco común y muy letal que requiere manejo quirúrgico emergente. Clásicamente, las TIF se tratan mediante cirugía abierta con una tasa de supervivencia del 25-50 %.El uso de técnicas endovasculares parece ser una opción segura y eficaz con una menor morbilidad y mortalidad asociadas para el tratamiento de la TIF en casos seleccionados.(AU)
Introduction:tracheo-innominate fistula (TIF) is a rare complication (0.1-1 %) of tracheotomies and endotracheal intubations. It has a high associated morbidity and mortality (90 %), and thus needs early diagnosis and treatment.Case report:we present the case of a 53-year-old man who underwent total laryngectomy with bilateral cervical lymphadenectomy, and who on the second postoperative day presented active bleeding from the tracheostomy tube. The patient underwent an urgent CT angiography that revealed a fistula between the brachiocephalic trunk (BCT) and the trachea in a position with the tracheostomy tube over the BCT. Expandable balloon covered stent (BeGraft®, Bentley InnoMed, Hechingen, Germany) is deployed from the origin of the BCT to its bifurcation through right humeral approach. The patient is discharged one month after endovascular surgery, presenting a satisfactory postoperative period with the absence of complications.Discussion:TIF is a rare and highly lethal complication that requires emergency management. Typically, TIF were first repaired by open surgery with a survival rate of 25-50 %.Treating TIF in selected cases with the use of endovascular techniques appears to be a safe and effective choice with lower associated morbidity and mortality.(AU)
